![]() ![]() When the battery is charging, the opposite occurs: lithium ions are released by the cathode and received by the anode. While the battery is discharging, the anode releases lithium ions to the cathode, generating a flow of electrons that helps to power the relevant device. This migration is the reason the battery powers the device-because it creates the electrical current. Electrons move in the opposite direction in the external circuit. In a lithium-ion battery, lithium ions (Li+) move between the cathode and anode internally. Separator: A porous polymeric film that separates the electrodes while enabling the exchange of lithium ions from one side to the other.The cell terminals transmit the electric current between the battery, the device and the energy source that powers the battery Current collectors: Conductive foils at each electrode of the battery that are connected to the terminals of the cell.Electrolyte: A liquid or gel that conducts electricity.Electrodes: The positively and negatively charged ends of a cell.What are the components of a lithium-ion cell? Lithium-ion batteries consist of single or multiple lithium-ion cells, along with a protective circuit board. They are referred to as batteries once the cell, or cells, are installed inside a device with the protective circuit board. Lithium-ion batteries power the devices we use every day, like our mobile phones and electric vehicles. Lithium-ion is the most popular rechargeable battery chemistry used today. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are the most widely used energy storage system because of their high energy density and power, robustness, and reversibility, but they typically include an electrolyte solution composed of flammable organic solvents, leading to safety risks and reliability concerns for high-energy-density batteries. As part of our work in this field, we want to share information on the foundations and current landscape of electrochemical safety. Editor's note: At a time when potentially risky energy storage technologies can be found in everything from consumer products to transportation and grid storage, UL Research Institutes helps to lay the groundwork for energy storage designs that are safe and reliable. ![]()
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